Plasmid Transformation Of E. Coli - 999 Words

Plasmid transformation of E. coli using pVIB Savannah Jacobs April 4th, 2016 BIO 335 Spring 2016 Dr. Koester Abstract Since bacteria are haploid, asexually reproducing organisms it is important for these organisms to be able to accept genetic variability into their genome. A process called transformation, which involves absorbing small segments of DNA from deceased organisms in the natural world, does this. Transformation can also be mimicked in the laboratory using plasmid. Plasmids are small segments of DNA that occur in bacteria that allow us to regulate if transformation was successful. We attempted transformation of E. coli cells using plasmid called pVIB, which allows for luminescence and resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin, from Vibrio fischeri, however, we did not achieve a successful transformation. Introduction Some organisms, such as bacteria, have the ability to transform into a new form by picking up small segments of DNA from other organisms. This process is known as transformation and happens quite often in nature. Quite often organisms die and release their DNA into aqueous environments. The DNA is broken down but it is a while before it is fully destroyed allowing for bacteria cells and other organisms to transform their own DNA using the broken down segments from the deceased organism (Dodd). Transformation is an extremely important step in increasing genetic variation in organisms that reproduce asexually, allowing for them to make bothShow MoreRelatedGene Expression And Its Engineering1634 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Transformation is the process of allowing a cell to be able to accept a gene into itself and allow the gene to become part of the cell s whole, thus changing its form and expressing the gene s function. This process was first discovered by the British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith, who was able to transform Streptococcus pneumoniae into a different strain of Strep. in 1928 (1928). This discovery was pivotal in the way we understand gene expression and its engineering. An exampleRead MoreThe Discovery of Transformation by Frederick Grifith in Streptococcus Pneumonia704 Words   |  3 PagesThe discovery of transformation by Frederick Griffith in Streptococcus pneumonia has played an important role in how we are now able to introduce plasmid DNA molecules into cells. Transformation is the uptake of DNA molecules released from the donor cell by the recipient cell. It is one of the three ways bacteria are able to exchange genetic material. In Griffith’s experiment he introd uced mice to two different forms of S. pneumonia, one smooth, pathogenic and encapsulated and the other rough, nonpathogenicRead MoreTransformation Of Escherichia Bacteria And Dna1348 Words   |  6 PagesTransformation of Escherichia coli in different concentrations of Plasmid DNA Introduction This report discusses an experiment which students have to transform and plate competent Escherichia coli in different concentrations of plasmid DNA. This experiment uses four concentrations of plasmid DNA to perform four transformations. These concentrations are namely, 5  µl of distilled water, which acts as the control in this experiment; 2.5  µl of undiluted plasmid DNA; 1.0 µl of undiluted plasmid DNA; andRead MoreUse Of Antibiotic Resistance For A Large Number Of Infections1624 Words   |  7 PagesWard Period 6 January 22, 2015 Transformation Lab Abstract: Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic which can be used to treat a large number of infections. For example, Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria is terminated by this specific antibiotic. Ampicillin interferes with the formation of bacterial cell walls and thus kills newly dividing cells that must form new cell walls. Plasmids contain genes that create antibiotic resistance to their host cell. The pGlo plasmid contains an Ampicillin resistanceRead MoreThe Transformation Of E. Coli885 Words   |  4 Pages The Transformation of E. coli using the plasmid GFP Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to observe bacterial growth under various conditions including the transformation of bacteria; to understand how the process of transformation occurs. Background Information: Transformation is the â€Å"process by which the genetic material carried by an individual cell is altered by the incorporation of foreign (exogenous) DNA into its genome† (MedicineNet.com, â€Å"Definition of Genetic transformation†). TransformationRead MoreBacteria Transformation in Biotechnology Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Some bacteria are able to go through transformation making new combinations of genes. Transformation is a way of gene variability in bacteria. This experiment is based on the transformation mechanism of bacteria and gene regulation. The bacteria used for the experiment was Escherichia coli and the genes introduces for the transformation were: gfp and bla by a pGLOâ„ ¢ plasmid. After the insertion of the target genes and growing the bacteria on specialized LB media, it could be seen that theRead MoreThe Effect Of Puc18 And Lux Plasmids On Ampicillin Resistance Of Escherichia Coli1412 Words   |  6 PagesBSC 1010L U60 Effects of pUC18 and lux Plasmids on Ampicillin Resistance of Escherichia coli Abstract This experiment was designed to test and observe the transformation efficacy of the pUC18 and lux plasmids in making E. coli resistant to ampicillin. Both plasmids code for ampicillin resistance, however, the lux plasmid codes for a bioluminescence gene that is expressed if properly introduced into the bacteria’s genome. The E. coli cultures were mixed with a calcium chloride solutionRead MoreGenetic Expression In Gene Expression801 Words   |  4 Pagesinclude prokaryotes. Escherichia coli is a bacteria found in the human digestive system, preventing other pathogens from residing. Certain E. coli strains can be pathogenic and can lead to food poisoning, urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal infections. Ampicillin is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including the ones mentioned. The antibiotic inhibits transpeptidase, an enzyme found in the cell walls of the bacterium. E. coli is preferably used consideringRead MoreTransformation Of Escherichia Coli With pGLO Plasmid1560 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Transformation Of Escherichia Coli With pGLO Plasmid April 24, 2013 ABSTRACT: This experiment focuses on genetic engineering and transformation of bacteria. The characteristics of bacteria are altered from an external source to allow them to express a new trait, in this case antibiotic resistance. In is experiment foreign DNA is inserted into Escherichia coli in order to alter its phenotype. The goal of the experiment is to transform E. coli with pGLO plasmid, which carries a gene forRead MoreDifferent Methods, Bacteria, And Development Transduction, Transduction And Transformation Transduction934 Words   |  4 Pagestransduction and transformation Transduction is when a bacteriophage inserts it s DNA into the host bacteria cell, while conjugation is when the bacteria shares DNA through direct contact, eg. horizontal gene transfer. The third method, transformation, is the intake of external DNA into the cell (Chen and Dubnau, 2004). In order for bacteria to be able to take in extraneous DNA, they must first be in a state of competent (Hanahan, 1983). There are two types of transformation cells in transformation: natural

Power and Places Type Free Essays

We are going to talk about power and places type: - The power is necessarily an opposition between ruler and a ruled. There are many forms and places of power: Among the places of power, there are the White House, the Buckingham Palace, the Pentagon†¦ ? These places are powerful because they have political and military influence. Government is a governor who exercises his power through institutions such as the courts or prisons In this case, the governed are citizens who obey the laws of the government. We will write a custom essay sample on Power and Places Type or any similar topic only for you Order Now But sometimes there is abuse of power,and we see resistances to power, as when there was apartheid in South Africa. Indeed, there was a racial discrimination between blacks and whites. The great figure of the resistance in South Africa was Nelson Mandela: he fought all his life against discrimination against black, he was imprisoned for several years. ==========================================================================Among the forms of power, there is, for example, the power of the media. Indeed, the media play a very important role within today’s society. Media consists of books, television, movies, music, internet, radio, magazines, newspapers etc * Media have positive aspects: we can stay informed about political, social events very easily, you can have fun watching movies and listening to the music. (Through newspapers, TV, radio †¦) * But media have also bad/negative aspects. Indeed, today, it has become a great weapon to influence the opinions of individuals. For example, electronic media has the power to manipulate information, they can deny certain facts and expose another, they can broadcast in loop a topic to influence the vision of the mass of viewers (the presidential nominee can pay for more exposure on TV†¦) Media display the way of life for those who follows it. So media can influence the dressing manners of teenagers through theirs favorite film actors, etc. For example, children are specifically targeted in the advertisements. We teach them to eat Mc do’s burgers and drink coca cola. We can say that in this case, PEOPLE ARE BRAINWASHED BY MEDIA. In How to cite Power and Places Type, Papers

Negotiation Pre and Post Report Optimal Styles †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Negotiation Report Optimal Thinking Styles Answer: The kind of governments well demonstrates optimal thinking styles in various countries (Albaili, 1997). They reflect how one can govern their thinking levels. In theory, there are four different types of enlightened self-government: they include monarchic, hierarchic, oligarchic, and anarchic. The Monarchic kind of thinking projects an individual task by completely focusing on the project at hand till its completion. The person is mainly driven to a particular job till before moving to another hence being goal oriented. The Hierarchic individual has several projects and tasks hence the creation of hierarchical goals in the process (Saxena, 2013). One multiples things in a frame of time given by getting priorities set differently. The person tends to be more adaptive for the priorities laid down to be right and well done hence some things are more worthy of attention than others. The oligarchic individual has a preference for chores, projects, and situations that allow competition. Wi th multiple goals, one works under certain competitiveness so as to equally handle the important issues (Robert J and Ruzgis, 1994). Just like the hierarchically oriented person, one does multiple things within a given time setting but is confronted by the trouble of setting priorities for which to handle first. Competition enables one to adapt well to the tasks although one has problems when it comes to different priorities being set (Zhang, 2002). An anarchic individual is confronted with tasks, situations, and projects and one deal with them anyhow he or she finds to be pleasing. They may follow a systematic or ant routine procedure so far that results are reached. One often takes a casual approach to problems which are difficult for others to comprehend (Fisher and Ury, 2011). There are two levels of mental self-government which include the local and global. They exemplify a local individual who engages on tasks, specific to details and enjoys keeping track of the situations whi le a global person has situations that require his or her broad range of ideas and they never get worried about specific details. Adjustments From the theory, the most adopted style for negotiations is Hierarchic and an External scope of thinking. This encourages my thinking, therefore, adjusting my way by setting priorities in orders. I take the situations by interacting with the client to get some progress in the purchasing of the property. This makes me feel good at different stages of negotiating. It also enables me to have a lean to either side of the progress. There are two leanings of mental self-government: the liberal and conservative sides. The generous person has a fondness for tasks, projects, and situations that involve foreignness, thereby going beyond the current rules or measures, and total maximization of change. Sometimes, the individual may fancy change mainly for the sake of change, even when it is not needed. People displaying this style have an eye for new challenges and succeed on uncertainty. The conservative individual has an attachment to tasks, projects, and situations that involve devotion to pr esent rules and processes. One likes to lessen the adjustments hence avoid uncertainty. Some suggestions showed one's liking in the problem-solving process has an important bearing on consumer decision making. For example, the willingness for one to generate solutions adds some consideration in buying the product. BATNA and Reservation value client A reservation point occurs when there is the best alternative to the negotiated agreement (the BATNA). It is, therefore, more desirable to start or continue the negotiation process since the parties will not go beyond what was agreed. In this case, a total of $ 17,480,000.00 to be paid in 2 installments for the purchase of the property decided on April 28th, 2017. This is due on how the client has written or talked about the idea. The negotiation is centered on only one main idea and issues themes rather than the details of the property. This makes it hard to understand the whole process. BATNA and Reservation value other parties The BATNA and reservation value on other party introduces the bargaining range on other agreements and settling other properties. It can be positive or negative among the parties, and unless one changes his or her stand, therefore no agreement will be reached. In this situation, Farnsworth Property expresses an interest in 116 Davies Street, Liverpool, Sydney and another comparable alternative property in the area listed for sale by Uruz Holdings at a price of $21 million. This brings an alternative to negotiation, and the other party is eagerly awaiting the talk 116 Davies Street, Liverpool, Sydney either at a discounted price or for an even better price by 10%. Through developing a list of action, one conceivably takes a stand by improving the ideas and converting them to real options. ZOPA Exists in a potential agreement between the sides involved thus benefiting both rather than the alternative options available. Contract of the purchase is represented, and double checked so as to distribute the negotiation between the parties. There will be payment of the product by installations. The first installment will be $5,000,000.00 upon signature of Farnsworth accounting department for the agreed contract and the remaining cash valued at $12,480,000.00 completed within one month. Through the integration of the parties, it zeros into the bargaining range hence agreement are reached. Post Negotiation Report After a going through assertive and a cooperated negotiation with Pashendale Holdings Limited, I humbly wish to confirm that the purchase of 116 Davies Street, Liverpool, and Sydney is accepted. The seller Pashendale Holdings Ltd, have agreed through a signed document on the price agreed in Australian dollars, and hence dates of payment are set for the effectiveness of the deal. The value and conditions of the purchase of the property were agreed on April 28th, 2017 for a total of $ 17,480,000.00 to be paid in 2 installments. The first installment of $5,000,000.00 upon signature of the contract is scheduled on May 3rd, 2017 and the remaining value of $12,480,000.00 to be completed after one month from the first installment. After a broad search in the market, I can confirm that after several reservation values and bargaining ranges, the assessment criteria have made it easier for both the parties to reach an agreement therefore a successful purchase was reached, and the asking price was 10% below. The agent hoped that more purchase would be made under their new property trusts strategic plan so as to invest more in optimal and high performing assets all around the state. Reference Albaili, M. (1997). Differences Among Low?, Average? and High?achieving College Students on Learning and Study Strategies. Educational Psychology, 17(1-2), pp.171-177. Fisher, R. and Ury, W. (2011). Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In, 3rd ed. [eBook] New York: Penguin Books. Available at: https://www.beyondintractability.org/library/external-resource?biblio=23737. Robert J, S. and Ruzgis, P. (1994). "Thinking Styles: Theory and Assessment at the Interface Between Intelligence and Personality," 1st ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp.169-187. Saxena, S. (2013).Influence of Forms of Thinking Styles on Emotional Intelligence of Teacher Educators.IOSR Journal of Research Method in Education (IOSRJRME), 1(5), pp.30-33. Zhang, L. (2002). Thinking Styles and Cognitive Development.The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 163(2), pp.179-195.

Review on Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah free essay sample

It is thought that a illionaires child would be born with a silver spoon and all the riches money could buy but that was not quite the case for our Adeline. A girl who was very tender at age and at heart She was neglected by her father, scorned by her stepmother and frowned upon by her siblings. All In all, what she felt was not love from her family but only abhorrence. She had undergone far too many blows for someone her age A read that will engender sensitivity and sympathy even among the biggest,buffest and strongest person. Chinese Cinderella took off by giving the readers the maln reason for the despise her siblings felt for Adeline. Her biological mother died of a fever two weeks after glvlng birth to Adeline but Adeline was mistook to be the reason of her mothers death. But then Mama died giving birth to you. We will write a custom essay sample on Review on Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you had not been born, Mama would still be alive. she died because of you. You are bad luck. (Page 3) It all stems trom mama dying when you were born. Things were much nicer when she was alive. You made her go away. (Page 74) As portrayed by the heart-piercing words uttered by her siblings, they were discourteous people who had no regards tor Adelines teelings. Encouragement trom her Aunt Baba and Ye Ve (Grandfather) was er only source ot strength. Untortunately, they were not always by her side as Ye Ye passed away and Aunt Baba moved. As pages were flipped, Adelines suffering just got more brutal and anguishing. A relatable instance to the above statement would be how her brothers cheated her into drinking their urine by tempting her to enjoy a glass of orange juice alongside their company, Another tormenting experience for Adeline was when her father forgot her name and date of birth when filling in her landing card in the Tianjin airport. Adeline felt deeply hurt as her father confused her name with her stepsisters. l was such a no-body that he didnt remember my name. (Page 133) In a nutshell, Adelines childhood was a rather sad one. Nevertheless, she was a very intelligent girl who more often than not topped her class Besides all her achievements, all she ever longed for was recognition from her father _ I was winning the medal every week and wearing it constantly. I knew this displeased by siblings, especially Big sister and Second Brother, but it was the only way to make Father take notice and be proud of melPage 15) A character that was successfully portrayed as to rivet hatred towards her was Adelines stepmother, egarded as Niang In the compelling memoir Niang was a spiteful, mean in this house. (page 113) Calculative and manipulative, though outwardly charming and stylish. A matter of fact, Niang even terrorised Adeline by instilling the fear of selling Adeline off in the name of marriage Just as she did to Adelines elder sister. l imagined Niang introducing me to a strange man and ordering me to marry him. The thought filled me with horror and fear. (page 100) Niang heartlessly made Adeline feel like she was somewhat unwanted and of no use to anyone in the house. Niang as the dictator as Adelines father will never go against Niang and the last word always comes from Niang. Does he truly hate me or is he Just going along with her because he loves her more and wants a peaceful life? (page 133) An important theme centered in this anecdote is family relationships. It is a norm for a family to have ups and downs. Adeline was as much disliked as she was ignored and neglected by her family. Most of the errands that the rest of the family did not want to do ended up in Adelines hands. However much hardship Adeline encountered, she only blamed herself and never her family. Everything is ugly. I loathe myself. (p. 21 5) Her unconditional love for her family is evidently visible to all. Adeline loved school as that was the only place where no one looked down upon her as her siblings did but she never once voiced out the excruciations she faced as she did not want to embarass her family. They didnt know that, in front of them, I was desperate to keep up the pretence that I came from a normal, loving family. (page 63) How there is always a scenic rainbow after every violent storm, there was finally some light in Adelines dark life. All Adeline ever wanted was to get away from her stepmother, Niang. It was when she won first prize in an International Play-writing Competition, her father permitted he r to pursue her studies abroad. Adeline longed to study literature but her father objected and ordered her to go to medical school and specialize in obstetrics in England. Adeline Jumped at it as it was a now or never opputunity to leave all the sorrow behind and start a new beginning. For once, he was proud of me. My whole vibrated with all the Joy in the world. (page 220) Chinese Cinderella was a book that sent a message to all. To the fortunate children, it was to e pleased with what has been given and to the neglected children, it was the importance of perseverance in life. All of us have challenges to conquer and fears to be reciprocated into courage and resilience. Everyone of us can be a Cinderella and then as successful as Adeline if we hold her belief that one single positive dream is more important than a thousand negative realities. This is a read I would recommend not only to my peers but to of all ages. Everyone, boy or girl, young or old, should be made to read this book as it is captivating, heartwarming and deeply touching. Overall, it is a read that is hard to put down.

How to Cancel Your SAT Registration and Test

How to Cancel Your SAT Registration and Test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You registered for the SAT, but as test day draws near, you find that you don’t want to take the test anymore! You may want to take the ACT instead, or maybe you decided to opt out of the SAT altogether and apply to colleges that don’t require you to report SAT scores. But what can you do? Well, first, don't panic! We at PrepScholar noticed how hard it was to find this information online, so we put it all together for you in one place. Here are some things you need to consider: Can you cancel the SAT test? Can you get your money back? Will this go on your permanent record? Do you need to cancel your SAT to change your test date? Canceling Your SAT Without a Refund If you don't want to take the test on a certain day and you don't want to reschedule, then to cancel the test, all you need to do is not show up on test day. The College Board emphatically states that it is not necessary to notify them of this. And they also note that no score reports will be sent out as a result. Your no-show will not show up on your record. Because the College Board will count it as a missed test, which could happen for any number of reasons, they do not keep records of who misses their tests. The way they see it, you paid the fees already, and if you miss the test, then that's on you. This is good, because it means there's only one thing you have to do to cancel your SAT. Just don’t show up for the test. However, if you do this, you won't get a refund for the test you missed. If you're interested in getting some of your money back, keep reading. Canceling Your SAT With a Partial Refund Unfortunately, no matter how early you cancel your SAT registration, you won't get a full refund. Therefore, it's best to hold off on actually completing the online registration in the first place until you’re absolutely sure you want to take the test on that date. Once you've registered, at best, you'll only get a small part of your money back. How Do You Get the Refund? The College Board states that students who don't want to transfer their registration to another test date or location should contact Customer Service. We’ve included the Customer Service information below for your convenience. If you call Customer Service, it’s possible you may receive a partial refund of up to $10. (The full price you paid for the SAT is $46, or $60 with the essay, so they refund you only about 1/5 of the total.) In order to get the refund, you must call at least five days before your exam date. After that, there's no chance of a refund. Remember, once you call and cancel, there is no going back - you will not be able to take the test on that test date and the College Board will not report the scores from this test date. Refunding Question and Answer Service If you ordered the Question and Answer Service but are now canceling your SAT registration, it's also possible to get that fee refunded. To get the refund, you must call Customer Service. Any additional score reports that you ordered are also refundable if you were absent the day of the test. Refunds are processed six weeks after the test date. Is There a Difference Between Canceling and Not Taking the Test? According to the College Board, there is no actual difference between calling and canceling your SAT and not taking the SAT on test day. In other words, whichever action you decide to take, their records of you will not show any difference. The only difference is monetary. If you call in to cancel at least five days before, you may get a partial refund ($10). Perhaps just as importantly, canceling means that you may get refunded for any additional services you paid for, like QAS. Changing Your SAT Exam Date Remember, you should only cancel your SAT if you don't ever plan on taking another SAT. If all you want to do is change the date of your SAT, you don't need to cancel your test to do that. However, there is a fee for rescheduling your SAT (although it's less than canceling your SAT and registering for a new test). It costs $29 to reschedule your SAT, and you can do this anytime, even after your original test date (as long as you didn't show up for it). We have an entire guide on how to reschedule your SAT, but below are the key steps to take: Sign in to your College Board account. On the â€Å"My SAT† page, you’ll see the tests you’re registered for. Click â€Å"Change Registration† under the test that you want to reschedule. You’ll next see a new page with your SAT admission ticket information on it. At the bottom of the page, click â€Å"Change my test date.† You’ll be brought to a new page where, under â€Å"Test Date†, you can see the new SAT date(s) you can change to. Select the one that works best for you. Next select your test center, confirm your personal information is correct, and pay the reschedule fee. When you’re finished, you’ll receive an email confirmation and a new admission ticket with your updated test date. How to Contact College Board Customer Service By online form: Contact CollegeBoard Online Here By telephone (the best and fastest way to get a response) Domestic: 866-756-7346 International: 212-713-7789 Services for students with disabilities: 212-713-8333 TTY (for deaf or hearing impaired) Domestic: 888-857-247 TTY (for deaf or hearing impaired) International: 609-882-48 Summary To go over your options once more, here's what you can do to cancel your SAT test. Canceling before the test: If you cancel up to 5 days before the test date, then it's possible to get a refund up to $10, plus the QAS or score reports refunded. Day of the test: If you simply do not show up to the test and cancel by default, then you do not get any test refund, but you can still cancel the QAS for your 'missed test'. After you take the test: If you want to cancel after taking the test, then you should look into How to Cancel Your SAT Scores. There is a strict deadline on this, so make sure you send them the cancellation before midnight, the Wednesday after your test. What’s Next? If you want to re-register for the SAT, then check out Step-by-Step Guide with Pictures SAT Registration. Needed to cancel because of the test location? Then check out How You Can Pick the Best SAT Test Locations. Maybe you’re not sure whether you want to take the SAT, but keep in mind Future Years’ SAT Test Dates, Schedules, and Deadlines Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Agencies And Information Classification Criminology Essay

Agencies And Information Classification Criminology Essay Individual agencies classify criminal information that is compiled in a report as Uniform Crime Reporting. The Uniform reports are usually compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and they consist of criminal data that belongs to all the states that form United States of America. This program began in 1929. It was the idea of police commanders, who saw the need of creating a reliable criminal statistics for the country (Anderson and Dyson, 2002). Today, the reports form an important element of fighting criminal activities within United States of America. This is because they necessary information that law enforcement officers can rely on for purposes of fighting criminal activities. For instance, the reports provide the names of the most wanted criminals, and the patterns of crime within a certain locality (Anderson and Dyson, 2002). The reports also help policy makers in the department of homeland security on how to develop policies that will help in making the country secu re. The various law enforcement agencies within the country have the responsibility of collecting these reports, and thereafter present them to the FBI for compilation. Currently, there are three Uniform Crime Reports published by the FBI, namely; Hate Crime Statistics 2011. Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted 2011. The Preliminary Uniform Crime report 2012. Resources Available for Sheriffs and Police Chiefs: One of the resources that public safety officials like police officers and Sheriffs have in classifying crimes in their locations is the fusion centers. A fusion center is an institution formed by the department of homeland security for purposes of receiving, analyzing, and disseminating intelligence information from to the relevant security bodies. These centers can therefore guide security officers and Sheriffs on how to classify the various crimes within their areas of jurisdiction. They have the capability of identifying whether a crime falls under terrorism, or i t is a murder/ homicide. The Central Investigative Agency is also another resource that police chiefs and sheriffs have that can help them in classifying and analyzing crimes (Dunn, 2012). The agency has the responsibility of collecting intelligence information, and provides it for assessment by senior policy makers in United States of America. On this note, Sheriffs and local police chiefs can benefit from their facilities and experience in analyzing and classifying the various criminal activities within their locality. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is another resource unit that the Sheriffs and local police chiefs can use to classify and categorize criminal activities. This is a Federal Agency that has the responsibility of fighting crimes within the United States of America. The department is well equipped to handle any forms of criminal activities. The department also has experts who can categorize and analyze various criminal activities within the state, and therefore She riffs and local police chiefs can use their experiences in analyzing the various criminal activities within their areas of jurisdictions. Pros and Cons of UCR: The Uniform Crime Reporting system is advantageous because people are able to know the crime rate of their locality. For instance, women who are concerned with the security of their children might know the crime rates of the schools in which they take their children to, or the surrounding environment where their children play or pass through. The report also provides information on the various crimes that occur within the state, and tries to project their occurrence in future (Dunn, 2012).

Preoperative Fasting Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Preoperative Fasting - Research Proposal Example Patients will therefore be challenged to add personal efforts such as exercising to help them recover quicker. This can be tested by comparing two patients – one who exercises and another who does not. This hypothesis is interesting to me because it helps in making the work of the practitioner quite easier. This hypothesis will defeat any beliefs associated with level of recovery and gender. Rather, patients will be educated that for them to recover quickly, they need to pay frequent attention to their medications. This will be measured by assessing the recovering rates of people of both genders who take their medications in given format. This hypothesis will challenge patients to keep to nursing instructions without putting their trust in the experience of the nurses. There could be both qualitative and quantitative testing of the hypothesis as the working years of nurses can be calculated but then the compliance and recovering rate in patients must be done qualitatively (Kerlinger, 1986). This is an interesting hypothesis that will make patients responsible to complaining to nursing instructions. This hypothesis will promote monitored treatment to smoking addiction at the hands of health professional. This is because the level of recovery from smoking, if tested to be more efficient at the hands of professional will win more patients to following that path (Heppner, Kivlighan, and Wampold,