Blooms Taxonomy - Evaluation Category

Evaluation Category Description: In Bloom’s Taxonomy, the evaluation level is where students make judgments about the value of ideas, items, materials, and more. Evaluation is the final level of the Bloom’s taxonomy pyramid. It is at this level, where students are expected bring in all they have learned to make informed and sound evaluations of material. Key Words for the Evaluation Category: evaluate, appraise, conclude, criticize, critique Examples of Questions for the Comprehension Category: Evaluate the Bill of Rights and determine which is the least necessary for a free society. Attend a local play and write a critique of the actor’s performance. Visit an art museum and offer suggestions on ways to improve a specific exhibit.

Understanding Of Language And Consciousness - 1287 Words

1.3 Connectionist understanding of language and consciousness One cognitive attempt to solve the question is, perhaps, connectionism (e.g., Rumelhart McClelland, 1986) on the basis of â€Å"pan-psychism view of consciousness† (Chalmers). The Connectionist model is the idea that humans learn language via gradual inter-networked association of neural units to â€Å"understand† and produce language. That is, human linguistic expression is possible because of the presence of various networks of neural associations. In this framework, the meanings and knowledge in the linguistic input are distributed across various neurons and the joint connection of each unit of neurons thus yields into linguistic output. For example, a sentence such as â€Å"Alex is a dog† is stored as a set of weights across many units, and these are sensitive to semantic content rather than the physical symbols. ‘Dog’ might be a pattern across networks of units which represent color, size, sound and eating habits and so on. Then, a network which stores ‘dog’ as a distributed pattern of color and size features could find one set of weights which can represent other animals as well (McClelland, Rumelhart, 1986). If this model is plausible, we could ascribe meaning and knowledge in the linguistic input for artificial intelligence the same way that humans learn language. In order to attribute â€Å"intentionality† to artificial intelligence, one must determine whether such intentionality can be phenomenally conscious, insofarShow MoreRelatedConscious Processes And Learning A Second Language Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pagesand Learning a Second Language: Attention, Awareness and Noticing The role of consciousness in learning has been a heavily debated topic. Many researchers have been hesitant to even use the term â€Å"consciousness† when discussing the topic due to its vague nature and its difficulty to operationalize. Schmidt (1992) was one of the first researchers to explore in depth the true relationship of consciousness to second language learning. He operationalized the construct of consciousness learning under theRead MoreTheory of Consciousness691 Words   |  3 PagesMy own theory of consciousness is a state of awareness of self. It has been said that this awareness stems from arousal. Consciousness, to me, is entirely internal. We experience the external world, but only through our senses. Dehaene and Naccache (2001) explain that neuroscience is beginning to investigate and understand the neural underpinnings of consciousness. Thus, consciousness is something that we experience via our own bodies. However, there is an implied separation between exp erienceRead MoreThe Idea Of Scientific Objectivity1650 Words   |  7 Pages and as this distance grows, consciousness becomes more alienated. Not only does consciousness begin to lose clarity of its object, it also becomes displaced from it and, furthermore, from itself. It becomes, in a word, inauthentic. Consciousness is largely determined by factors outside of its control – social, historical and economic factors all contribute to an ideology which is beyond the grasp of the person who thinks ideologically. The problem for consciousness is not only its displaced relationshipRead MoreThirteen Ways of Self-Questioning1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthirteen sections; each section provides us a picture that is centered by the element of blackbird. Blackbird in the poem signifies people’s consciousness. So this poem wants to tell us that every person has a perspective to look at the world. It questions our process of thought to understand the world, and reminds us realize the problem of it. In â€Å"The Language of Paradox† by Cleanth Brooks, he introduces the notion of paradox and its application in poetry. In Stevens’ poem we can also find how heRead MoreThe Role Of Consciousness And Second Language Learning Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesNoticing The role of consciousness in learning has been a heavily debated topic. Many researchers have been hesitant to even use the term â€Å"consciousness† when discussing the topic due to its vague nature and its difficulty to operationalize. Schmidt (1992) was one of the first researchers to explore in depth the true relationship of consciousness to second language learning. He operationalized the construct of consciousness under the umbrella term awareness. Awareness encapsulated attention and noticingRead MoreReflective Essay On Dyslexia1065 Words   |  5 Pagesdyslexia faces daily , I decided to write a stream of consciousness to allow readers to understand how debilitating and distressing the condition can be. KU3 Knowledge and understanding of ways in which texts are created for different purposes, audiences, and contexts. An1 Analysis of ideas, perspectives, and/or aspects of culture represented in texts. Ap2 Use of evidence from texts to develop and support a response. My stream of consciousness was created to inform and give an insight into myRead MoreAnalysis Of Searle s The Chinese Room Argument Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pagesand output answers he still does not understand Chinese. Prior to my previous argument, I look to investigate in what instance can the computer be thought of as an understanding machine. In order to do this, I must investigate the following: what are the components necessary for understanding, why humans are thought of as understanding beings, and can we duplicate such things in a machine. The Chinese Room experiment is extremely basic, but given more inputs, can the computer think beyond its codedRead MoreRichard Wright and William Faulkner both examine the psychologies of excluded members of society.1500 Words   |  6 Pagestraverses the gradient from realism to experimental fragmentation, Wright constructing a vertical consciousness, articulate and omniscient regarding Bigger’s psychological world, and Faulkn er accessing a horizontal one, mostly illustrating the Bundren’s surface thoughts and emotions. In Native Son, Wright’s principally naturalistic style, momentarily interrupted by rebellious points of fragmented, modernist language, reflects in form Bigger’s overwhelming repression throughout the novel and his liberatingRead More Orwells Perception of the Political Power of Language Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesOrwells Perception of the Political Power of Language As an author, George Orwell is concerned with the modern use and misuse of the English language. He notes the recognized ability of language to distort truth and deceive masses in his essay Politics and the English Language, and attempts to alert the public of this power in his novel Nineteen-Eighty-Four . Depicting dystopia of a totalitarian system at a complete extreme, Orwellls novel is essentially about psychological control of theRead MoreComparing the Unconscious and Consciousness Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesComparing the Unconscious and Consciousness Consciousness and unconscious are two psychological terms that are commonly used in this field of study. Their importances mainly appear when psychologists deal with their patients because they will surely think about these two terms. To understand these two terms we must know their definitions. This step can enable us to recognize the difference between them. Consciousness is a psychological condition defined by the English philosopher

Mud crab Free Essays

I. Problem/Question There is currently an increasing commercial viability of mud crabs especially in subtropical countries. However, due to seasonal factors affecting the spawning of these species, there a need to develop methods for â€Å"year-around larval production† (Zeng, 2007, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Mud crab or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1478-1479) arises. There are no current techniques that would enable this process. Therefore, this study investigated on the feasibility of out-of-season mud crab spawning induction. It also determined whether in vitro incubation of eggs is possible.   An evaluation of the temperature effects on the rates of embryonic development of mud crabs was also conducted. This is in order to provide predicted dates of hatching for berried mud crab females (Zeng, 2007, p. 1478-1479). II. Experimental procedures/Method The researchers kept female individuals of S. paramamosain in 1000L tanks. These holding tanks contained seawater, filtered with sand, with constant salinity of 29-32 g/L but with uncontrolled temperature between 10-30  °C.   In order to determine the â€Å"proximate maturation index (PMI)† (Zeng, 2007, p. 1479), crab ovarian development was regularly checked every fortnight using a calliper to measure the width of the strip of light in the carapace when shone with bright light from underneath (Zeng, 2007, p. 1479). The induction experiment was started with the random selection of mature subjects with 2mm PMI. The researchers removed their eyestalks and were moved to indoor aquaria, each provided with sand trays as egg attachment substrate, with controlled environmental temperature and photoperiod. The aquaria were regularly siphoned for sanitary maintenance. The researchers proceeded with testing their first objective, â€Å"in vitro egg incubation and effects of temperature on egg development† (Zeng, 2007, p. 1480). Setups with 200 eggs were used for the evaluation of temperature effects on development of the embryo. These were incubated respectively at 10, 15, 25, 27, 30, and 35  °C  ± 0.5 °C, with each treatment having triplicates. After acclimatization, embryonic development of the eggs in each treatment was monitored. The eggs were examined under the microscope in a regular time interval during the first 36 hours of the incubation. Then the larvae were attempted to be cultured in vitro, testing whether they are able to â€Å"reach the first juvenile crab stage† (Zeng, 2007, p. 1480). III. Experimental Results Between the months of November and April, 90% of female mature crabs with ablated eyestalks successfully spawned. The remaining 10% was due to the mortality of the individual. Newly extruded crab eggs were observed to â€Å"assume an oval shape† while some others were dented on a side, with undistinguishable outer and inner membranes. But eggs later transform into a spherical shape with distinct membranes (Zeng, 2007, p. 1481). Eggs at 35  °C resulted were characteristically asymmetric and unsynchronized, relative to the ones in 25-35 °C treatments. Such abnormal cellular division were also manifested by eggs in temperature treatments between 10 and 35  °C. The embryonic development of eggs incubated at 15  °C was observed to have arrested at the gastrula stage on the 32nd day, followed by the termination of the experiment. Eggs incubated in vitro successfully hatched in temperatures between 20 and 30  °C. The incubation period was reduced by 14 days with incubation temperature increase from 20 to 25  °C. The researchers divided the embryonic development of the mud crab into 10 stages. They characterized the different morphological attributes of the various stages, revealing different temperature effects on embryonic developmental rates of each stage (Zeng, 2007, p. 1481). IV. Conclusions/Summary The researchers were able to spawn the female mud crabs during the non-season period. They were successful in rearing crabs to their juvenile stage with dry weights comparably the same with naturally hatched eggs. They found that temperature has varying effects on embryonic developmental stages. This information enabled them to make accurate predictions of hatching of female mud crab eggs (Zeng, 2007, p. 1481-1482). V. Discussions Spawning mud crabs during off season months was made possible through eyestalk ablation and increased water temperature. This is indeed a very important finding as it allowed scientists to provide farmers an improved method in acquiring their preferred harvest of mud crabs. The success of spawning induction is based on the development of gonads during colder seasons and their ability to spawn at higher temperature seasons. Just by elevating the temperature levels, mud crab females already perceive this as a stimulus for them to carry out spawning (Zeng, 2007, p. 1483). Since this industry has promising commercial potentials, it is essential to develop cost efficient methods that would accommodate high yields. In this study, the cost of maintaining numerous berried crabs would be reduced through in vitro incubation of crab eggs. These can basically be placed in either aeration-generated water or in static water. As researchers were able to determine the hatching temperature for mud crabs, farmers are now enabled to determine when the hatching schedule would be. This would allow them to obtain juvenile crabs at any time that they please regardless of the season. The abnormality observed in the cellular division of mud crab embryo in certain temperatures are proposed to be adaptive mechanisms to enable mud crab larvae to have a scheduled hatching during warmer seasons when they can have enough access to food such as plankton (Zeng, 2007, p. 1484). How to cite Mud crab, Essay examples